Menstruation

Q.

Why does menstruation occur? Describe the menstrual cycle in human females (or women).

Q. in human females, what happens when
(i) egg is fertilized
(ii) the egg is not fertilized

Q.

When a female child is born, her ovaries already contain thousands of immature eggs (or ova) contained to immature structures A. On maturing, A bursts open and an egg shoots out of the ovary in a process called B. The process B starts in the females at puberty and occurs again and again after a time period x. Before every occurrence of process B, the inner lining of the uterus becomes thick and soft with lots of blood vessels in it. When the egg cell gets fertilised by a sperm, then an event C occurs in the life of mature human female which lasts for time period y leading to the birth of a baby. If, however, the egg cell released by the ovary does not get a sperm to fuse with, then the thick and soft inner lining of the uterus breaks down and comes out of the female's body in an event called D. The occurrence of event D is controlled by chemical substances E.
(a) What is A?
(b) What is process B?
(c) What is the time period x?
(d) Name the event C.
(e) How much is the time period y?
(f) What is the name of process D?
(g) Name the chemical substances E.

Q.

How many follicles are normal in each ovary?

Q.

What is ejaculation?

Q.

What is menopause?.

Q.

The hormone(s) that control(s) the menstrual cycle in human beings is

1. FSH

2. LH

3. Progesterone

4. FSH, LH, Oestrogen

Q.

Match the items in column I with those in column II and write down the matching pairs (some may not match)

Column I Column II

(a) Acrosome (i) An embryo which looks like human baby

(b) Gestation (ii) Luteinizing hormone

(c) Menopause (iii) Ovum producing cells

(d) Foetus (iv) Semen

(e) Oogenesis (v) Spermatozoa

(f) Ovulation (vi) Complete stoppage of menstrual cycle

(vii) Time taken by a fertilised egg till the delivery of babay.

Q.

Can you live without a reproductive system?

Q.

How is unfertilized egg in the female body removed ?

1. by hormonal destruction

2. by enzymatic activities

3. by menstrual cycle

4. by urination

Q. Which of the following hormones play a role during ovulation and menstrual cycle?

1. FSH, LH, estrogen and Progesterone
2. Insulin, glucagon
3. Corticotropins, growth hormone
4. Testosterone and progesterone

Q.

Onset of menstruation is called menopause.

1. False

2. True

Q.

Give appropriate terms for each of the following :

(a) The onset of reproductive phase in a female.

(b) Rupture of follicle and release of ovum from the ovary.

(c) Monthly discharge of blood and disintegrated tissues in human female.

(d) Process of fusion of ovum and sperm.

(e) Fixing of developing zygote (blastocyst) on the uterine wall.

Q. Which of the following layers of the uterus breaks off during menstruation?

1. Epimetrium
2. Myometrium
3. Endometrium
4. Perimetrium

Q. What happens if the egg is not fertilized ?

Q. The average duration of menstrual cycle in human female is ___ days.

1. 5
2. 25
3. 30
4. 28

Q.

(a) For how much time does menstruation last in human females (or women)?
(b) What is the frequency of menstrual cycle in human females (or women)?

Q. Mention if the following statements are True (T) or False (F):​ ​

(i) Placenta produces certain hormones. T/F

1. True
2. False

Q. Question 23
In human females, an event that reflects onset of reproductive phase is

(a) growth of body
(b) changes in hair pattern
(c) change in voice
(d) menstruation

Q. In ectopic pregnancy, foetus grows in

1. Vagina
2. Fallopian tube
3. Uterus
4. Body cavity

Q.

What is the name of the process in which thickened uterus lining along with blood vessels is removed from the body of a human female through vaginal bleeding?

Q.

When a human female reaches a certain age then vaginal bleeding occurs for a few days after regular time intervals.
(a) What is this process known as (i) in scientific terms, and (ii) in everyday language?
(b) At what approximate age this process starts in human females? What is the human female said to have attained at this stage?
(c) After how much time is this process repeated? For how many days this process usually lasts?
(d) What does the onset of this process in human females signify?
(e) At which particular event in the life of a human female this process stops temporarily but starts again?
(f) At which approximate age of human female this process stops permanently?

Q. What is menstruation? Why does it occur?

Q.

What do you mean by menarche, amenorrhea and menopause?

Q.

Name the following:

The female reproductive cells.

Q.

Onset of menstruation is termed as menopause.

1. True
2. False

Q.

What day of the cycle is the progesterone highest?

Q.

Give the biological term for the following:

Complete stoppage of menstrual cycle in females.

Q.

The hormones that control the menstrual cycle in human beings is :

1. FSH

2. LH

3. Progesterone

4. FSH, LH, Oestrogen

Q.

What is benign endometrium?