Different Chemical Properties of HCl

Q. Explain hydronium ion. Write the ionisation of sulphuric acid showing the formation of hydronium ion.

Q.

In the laboratory preparation of hydrochloric acid, HCl gas is dissolved in water.
(i) Draw a diagram to show the arrangement used for the absorption of HCl in water.
(ii) Why is such an arrangement necessary? Give two reasons.
(iii) Write the chemical equation for the laboratory preparation of HCl gas when the reactants are:
(a) below 200°C
(b) above 200°C

Q.

Write the equation for the dissociation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water.

Q.

How will you prepare hydrochloric acid in laboratory?

Or

Describe briefly the method employed to dissolve hydrogen chloride gas in water as it is prepared. What is the purpose of funnel while preparing hydrochloric acid from HCl gas?

Q.

Write five uses of hydrochloric acid.

Q.

Why $\mathrm{HI}$ has a higher boiling point than $\mathrm{HCl}$?

Q. When a bottle of conc. hydrochloric acid is opened, the white fumes produced is due to the immediate reaction of gas with in the air.

1. $C{O}_2$
2. water vapour
3. $C{l}_2$
4. $O_2$
5. HCl

Q.

Complete and balance the following reactions, state whether dilute or conc. acid is used.
(a) $N{H}_{4}OH+HCl\to$

(b) $NaHS{O}_3+HCl\to$

(c) $Pb(N{O}_3{)}_2+HCl\to$

(d) $P{b}_3{O}_4+HCl\to$

(e) $Zn+HCl\to$

(f) $Ca(HC{O}_3{)}_2+HCl\to$

Q.

Study the flow chart and give balanced equations with conditions for the conversions A, B, C, D and E.

Q.

Balance the following equations :

(i) Na + $O_2$ $⟶$ $N{a}_{2}O$

(ii) $H_2{O}_2$ + $⟶$ $H_{2}O+O_2$

(iii) $Mg(OH{)}_2$ +HCl $⟶$ $MgC{l}_2$ + $H_{2}O$

(iv) Fe + $O_2$ $⟶$ $F{e}_2{O}_3$

(v) $Al(OH{)}_3$ $⟶$ $A{l}_2{O}_3$ + $H_{2}O$

(vi) $N{H}_3$ + CuO $⟶$ Cu + $N_2$ + $H_{2}O$

(vii) $A{l}_2(S{O}_4{)}_3$ + NaOH $⟶$ $Al(OH{)}_3$ + $N{a}_{2}S{O}_4$

(viii) $HN{O}_3$ + $Ca(OH{)}_2$ $⟶$ $Ca(N{O}_3{)}_2$ + $H_{2}O$

(ix) NaOH + $H_{2}S{O}_4$ $⟶$ $N{a}_{2}S{O}_4$ + $H_{2}O$

(x) $BaC{l}_2$ + $H_{2}S{O}_4$ $⟶$ $B{a}_{2}S{O}_4$ + $HCl$

Q.

How does the flow of acid rain water into a river make the survival of aquatic life in the river difficult?

Q.

Convert :
(a) Two soluble metallic nitrates to insoluble metallic chlorides using dil. HCl.
(b) Hydrochloric acid to nascent chlorine.

Q.

Give balanced equation for the action of heat on :

Hypochlorous acid

Q.

Assign the reason for the following observation:

If a bottle full of Concentrated sulphuric acid is left open in the atmosphere by accident, the acid starts flowing out on its own.

Q.

Give reason for the following:
Dilute hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated by distilling (boiling) the dilute acid.

Q.

Write an equation for the reactions of hydrochloric acid on
(a) silver nitrate solution, (b) magnesium foil,
(c) caustic soda solution, (d) zinc carbonate,
(e) manganese (IV) oxide, (f) copper oxide.

Q. Question 53
Look at the figure and answer the following questions.

(a) What change would you observe in the calcium Hydroxide solution taken in tube B?

(b) Write the reaction involved in test tube A and B respectively

(c) If Ethanol is given instead of Ethanoic acid, would you expect the same change?

(d) How can a solution of lime water be prepared in the laboratory?

Q.

Carbonic acid gives an acid salt but hydrochloric acid does not. Explain.

Q. Give the name and formula of the acid salt which gives sodium ions and sulphate ions in solution.

Q.

The ions which impart acidic properties to an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride are:

1. Hydrogen

2. Hydronium

3. Chloride

4. Chloride and Hydrogen

Q.

(a) Name an element which reacts with hydrogen to form a compound which is strongly acidic in water.
(b) Explain why dilute hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated by boiling beyond 22.2%.

Q. (a) With respect to the Brown Ring Test, explain the following:
(i) The brown ring disappears if the test tube is disturbed.
(ii) Lead nitrate does not respond well to this test.

(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium carbonate with dilute nitric acid. [5 MARKS]

Q.

Write the chemical equations for reaction between Hydrogen and Chlorine .

Q. Study the flowchart and give balanced equations with conditions for the conversions A, B, C and D. [4 MARKS]

Q. Complete and balance the following equations. State the conditions wherever necessary.
a)

b) $C_2{H}_4+C{L}_2\to \dots \dots$

c) $C_2{H}_4+HCl\to \dots \dots$

d) $Ca{C}_2+H_{2}O\to \dots \dots$

e) $C_2{H}_2+B{r}_2\to \dots \dots$

f) $C_2{H}_{5}OH\underset{K_{2}C{r}_2{O}_7}{\overset{\left[O\right]}{\to }}\dots \dots$

[5 MARKS]

Q. Question 3

Which of the following statements about the given reaction are correct?

$3\text{Fe(s)}+4{\text{H}}_2\text{O(g)}\to {\text{Fe}}_3{\text{O}}_4\text{(s)}+4{\text{H}}_2\text{(g)}$

(i) Iron metal is getting oxidised
(ii) Water is getting reduced
(iii) Water is acting as reducing agent
(iv) Water is acting as oxidizing agent

(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Q.

Write the balanced equation for the reaction of $\mathrm{HCl}$ with each of the following.

Calcium sulfite

Q. Give reasons for the following : [4 MARKS]
(a) An aqueous solution of chlorine is acidic in nature.
(b) Silver nitrate solution can be used to distinguish HCl from $HN{O}_3$.

Q. a) Convert two soluble metallic nitrates to insoluble metallic chloride using dil. HCl. [5 MARKS]
b) Which component is the oxidising agent in aqua regia?
c) Which of the two - a solution of HCl in water or in toluene is an electrolyte? Justify.

Q.

1. LiOH(s) + 2H${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) $\to$ Li${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) + 2H${}_2$O(l)
2. LiOH(s) + H${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) $\to$ Li${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) + H${}_2$O(l)
3. 2LiOH(s) + 2H${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) $\to$ Li${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) + 2H${}_2$O(l)
4. 2LiOH(s) + H${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) $\to$ Li${}_2$SO${}_4$(aq) + 2H${}_2$O(l)