Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation

Q.

Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?

1. Time

2. Soil texture

3. Organic matter

Q.

What do you understand by soil erosion?

Q. Read the following statements and select the most appropriate option.

Statement 1 (S1): Both sheet and gully erosion happen because of running water.
Statement 2 (S2): Incorrect farming methods do not cause soil erosion.

[0.8 marks]

1. Both S1 and S2 are true.
2. Only S1 is true.
3. Only S2 is true.
4. Both S1 and S2 are untrue.

Q.

What do you understand by soil erosion?

Q.

Highlight any three causes of soil erosion.

Q.

What is soil conservation?

Q.

Soil conservation measures are mainly aimed at protecting one of the following?

1. Plants

2. Topsoil

3. Subsoil

4. Soil organisms

Q. Which of the following methods will reduce soil erosion in the mountains?

1. Contour ploughing
2. Mulching
3. Strip cropping
4. Terrace farming

Q.

Where will the rate of soil erosion be faster?

Q. There are certain methods to conserve soil in plain areas and on hill slopes. Which of the following statements about soil conservation practices is/are true?

1. Crop rotation enables farmers to increase soil's organic matter content, soil structure, and rooting depth.
2. Cover cropping and mulching reduces soil displacement associated with the impact of raindrops hitting soil particles.
3. Conservation tillage is aimed at preserving soil aggregates, organic matter and surface residue from previous crops.
4. Cross slope farming creates vegetative areas that separate field boundaries from watercourses.

Q. Which of the following is not a way to conserve soil?

1. Mulching
2. Strip cropping
3. Overgrazing
4. Terrace farming

Q. What is the process of denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down of soil called?

1. Weathering
2. Afforestation
3. Soil Erosion
4. Soil Reclamation

Q.

Mention the effects of soil erosion.

Q. <!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> Which of the following are practices to prevent soil erosion?

1. Contour Ploughing
2. Terrace cultivation
3. Overgrazing
4. Shelterbelts

Q.

Vegetation helps in preventing soil erosion.

1. True
2. False

Q.

Mention any two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil process of erosion. Explain any two types of soil erosion mostly observed in India.

Q. <!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> Which of the following are reasons for soil erosion?

1. Mining
2. Wind
3. Deforestation
4. Strip Cropping

Q. X visits his drought-hit village and realises that the groundwater level has gone down. The soil has lost its moisture content. He concludes that this degradation of soil is due to soil erosion.

What are the causes of soil erosion?

1. Cutting down of trees for mining purpose
2. Overgrazing
3. Change in the colour of soil and texture
4. Hybrid crops growing in the field

Q. How does the thickness of the soil increase over time?

1. By erosion of the soil.
2. By the deposition of weathered particles.
3. By the breaking of bed rock.
4. By the decaying plant and animal matter.

Q. <!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> Gully erosion in Chambal basin is called as __________.

1. Ravines
2. Sheet erosion
3. Rill
4. Splash erosion

Q. Which method of soil conservation involves the piling up of rocks, sandbags, or gravel along a drainage channel to reduce the speed of flowing water?

1. Building of counter barriers
2. Building of rock dams
3. Mulching
4. Terrace farming

Q. <!--td {border: 1px solid #ccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> Denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down of soil is called ____________.

1. Weathering
2. Soil erosion
3. Soil formation
4. Soil degradation

Q. X visits his drought hit village and realises that the ground water level has gone down. The soil has lost its moisture content. He concludes that this degradation of soil is due to soil erosion. What are the probable factors that has led X to conclude the prevalence of soil erosion?

1. Loss of soil fertility
2. Vegetation cover has dried and led to drought
3. Change in the color of soil and texture
4. Hybrid crops are grown in the field

Q. Which of these could lead to gully erosion?

1. Sparse ground cover caused by land clearing, over-grazing, repeated cultivation, fire, rabbits, feral animals or drought.
2. Stable soils in drainage lines.
3. Increased runoff caused by low levels of vegetation cover and/or poor soil infiltration.
4. Intense rainfall.