Digestion of Nutrients

Q.

What is the enzyme that breaks down protein?

Q. Regarding assertion and reason, select the right option:
Assertion: The main part of carbohydrate digestion takes place in the small intestine.
Reason: Pancreatic amylase converts carbohydrates into lactose.

1. Assertion is true but the reason is false.
2. Both reason and assertion are true and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.
3. Both the assertion and reason are false.
4. Both the reason and assertion are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Q.

Emulsification of fat molecules is carried out by

1. trypsin

2. pepsin

3. bile salt

4. amylase

Q. Find out the correct sequence of substrate, enzyme and product.

1. Small intestine: proteins $\stackrel{pepsin}{\to }$ amino acid
2. Stomach: fat $\stackrel{lipase}{\to }$micelle
3. Duodenum: triglycerides $\stackrel{trypsin}{\to }$ monoglycerides
4. Small intestine: starch $\stackrel{amylase}{\to }$ maltose

Q. How many of the following amino acids are coded by only one codon?
Tryptophan, arginine, methionine, valine, leucine.

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

Q. Match the following enzymes with their appropriate functions.

1. A→(iv), B→(iii), C→(i), D→(ii)
2. A→(ii), B→(i), C→(iv), D→(iii)
3. A→(i), B→(ii), C→(iv), D→(iii)
4. A→(iii), B→(i), C→(iv), D→(ii)

Q. Carbohydrates in the chyme are hydrolysed by pancreatic amylase into_____

1. monosaccharides
2. disaccharides
3. polysaccharides
4. all of these

Q. Which of the following represents all proteolytic enzymes?

1. Enterokrinin, gastrin, erepsin
2. Erepsin, trypsin, pepsin
3. Lipase, duocrinin, trypsin
4. Cholecystokinin, pepsin, gastrin

Q. Which of the following types of enzymes can break down dipeptides to amino acids?

1. Protease
2. Nuclease
3. Both (b) and (c)
4. DNase

Q.

Read the following statements regarding absorption of fats in small intestine and select the incorrect option(s).

I. Absorption takes place through the mucosal lining of the small intestine, and when these products pass through the mucosa, they enter the epithelial cells.

II. Triglycerides are the major form of fat stored by the body. Triglycerides are coated by proteins to form chylomicrons.

III. The lacteals are found in the fingerlike projections of the intestinal wall, called the villi.

IV. Absorption of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids follow a similar path.

1. IV Only

2. I& II

3. II & III

4. III & I

Q. Match the following:

$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Complex Substances}& \text{Simple Substances}\\ \text{1. Polysaccharides}& \text{a) Amino acids}\\ \text{2. Protein}& \text{b) Monosaccharides}\\ \text{3. Fats}& \text{c) Sugar + Bases}\\ \text{4. Nucleic acids}& \text{d) Fatty acids + Glycerol}\end{array}$

1. 1- a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c
2. 1- c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a
3. 1- d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c
4. 1- b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

Q. Lactose is hydrolysed into

1. Fructose only
2. glucose only
3. glucose +galactose
4. glucose+fructose

Q. Enzyme trypsinogen is changed by trypsin by

1. Gastrin
2. Enterokinase
3. Enterogastrone
4. Secretin

Q. Most of the fat digestion occurs in

1. Rectum
2. Stomach
3. Caecum
4. Small intestine

Q. Assertion: Magnesium is important in carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Reason: Mg²⁺ is involved in the synthesis of Nucleic acids.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.
2. Both the reason and assertion are true but the assertion is not the correct explanation for reason.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both the reason and assertion are false

Q. What is exhibited by lower $Km$ value?

1. More affinity with substrate
2. Less affinity with substrate
3. More affinity with product
4. Less affinity with product

Q. Which of the following enzymes are different types of carbohydrases?

1. Lactase
2. Cellulase
3. Amylase
4. All the above

Q.

Describe the enzymatic action on fats in the duodenum.

Q. What can be number of possible nucleotide sequences for a peptide that has the sequence of amino acid as Phe-Tyr-Met-Pro-His?

1. 5
2. 22
3. 32
4. 125

Q. Pancreatic juice does not contain enzyme to digest

1. fats
2. cellulose
3. proteins
4. carbohydrates

Q.

Fill in the blanks, in context with the digestion of fats in Small Intestine:

Digestion of fats is taken over by___(i)___, containing factors like ___(ii)___, ___(iii)___ and ___(iv)___ to convert them into simpler forms like fatty acids and glycerol.

1. i) Cholesterol ester hydrolase ii) Pancreatic Lipase , iii) Pancreatic juice iv) Phospholipase

2. i) Pancreatic juice ii) Phospholipase iii) Cholesterol ester hydrolase, iv) Pancreatic Lipase

3. i) Phospholipase ii) Pancreatic juice iii) Pancreatic Lipase iv) Cholesterol ester hydrolase

4. i) Pancreatic Lipase ii) Cholesterol ester hydrolase, iii) Phospholipase iv) Pancreatic juice

Q. A child eats his lunch made of rice, vegetables and pulses. Regarding this which of the following match is incorrect? Substrate of enzyme Enzyme Site of Secretion Products formed

I.	Starch	Salivary amylase	Salivary gland	Maltose, Dextrin
II.	Proteins	Pepsin	Stomach	Large peptides
III.	Lipase	Enterokinase	Small intestine	Fatty acids
IV.	Nucleic acids	Nucleases	Pancreas	Nucleotides

1. I
2. III
3. II
4. IV

Q. Non-essential amino acids are synthesized in the human body during

1. Protein catabolism
2. Protein anabolism
3. Both A and B
4. None of the above

Q. Match the following:

$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Complex Substances}& \text{Simple Substances}\\ \text{1. Polysaccharides}& \text{a) Amino acids}\\ \text{2. Protein}& \text{b) Monosaccharides}\\ \text{3. Fats}& \text{c) Sugar + Bases}\\ \text{4. Nucleic acids}& \text{d) Fatty acids + Glycerol}\end{array}$

1. 1- a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c
2. 1- c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a
3. 1- b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
4. 1- d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c

Q. Match the following:

$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Complex Substances}& \text{Simple Substances}\\ \text{1. Polysaccharides}& \text{a) Amino acids}\\ \text{2. Protein}& \text{b) Monosaccharides}\\ \text{3. Fats}& \text{c) Sugar + Bases}\\ \text{4. Nucleic acids}& \text{d) Fatty acids + Glycerol}\end{array}$

1. 1- a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c
2. 1- c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a
3. 1- d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c
4. 1- b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

Q.

What is the significance of emulsification of fats?

Q. For its activity carboxypeptidase requires:

1. Niacin
2. Copper
3. Zinc
4. Iron

Q. How many classes of enzymes are there?

1. Five
2. Seven
3. Eight
4. Six

Q. Match the following
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Complex Substances}& \text{Simple Substances}\\ \text{1. Polysaccharides}& \text{a) Amino acids}\\ \text{2. Protein}& \text{b) Monosaccharides}\\ \text{3. Fats}& \text{c) Sugar + Bases}\\ \text{4. Nucleic acids}& \text{d) Fatty acids + Glycerol}\end{array}$

1. 1- a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c.
2. 1- c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a.
3. 1- d, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c.
4. 1- b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c.

Q. In the absence of enterokinase, the digestion of ------ would be affected in our intestine.

1. Amino acid
2. Albumin
3. Maltose
4. Starch