Frameshift Mutation

Q.

Explain mutation and its type in detail?

Q. Which one of the following is a wrong statement regarding mutation?

1. Deletion and insertion of one or two base pairs cause frame-shift mutation
2. Cancer cells commonly show chromosomal aberrations
3. UV and gamma rays are mutagens
4. Change in a single base pair of DNA does not cause mutation

Q. Which among the following types of point mutation is usually less harmful?

1. Deletion
2. Insertion
3. Substitution
4. Deletion and insertion equally

Q. Mutations can be induced in bacteria by _______________.

1. Growing different strains in same culture
2. Starvation
3. Providing growth substances
4. High energy radiations

Q. The normal sequence of mRNA transcribed from a particular DNA strand is

5'-AUG GUC GGA CUG GGC GUC UAA-3'.

As a result of mutation in DNA, the mRNA sequence is changed to

5'-AUG GUC UGA CUG GGC GUC UAA-3'.

Identify the type of mutation?
[1 mark]

1. Silent
2. Non sense
3. Missense
4. Frameshift

Q. Frameshift mutations are those in which

1. groups of three nucleotides get inserted or deleted
2. a few nucleotides (not in multiples of three) get inserted or deleted
3. a single nucleotide gets replaced by another
4. the reading frame of the nucleotide sequence does not get shifted

Q. Addition or deletion of a single nucleotide produces _____ mutation ?

1. Frameshift
2. Inversion
3. Deficiency
4. Duplication

Q. Which one of the following is a wrong statement regarding mutations?

1. Deletion and insertion of base pairs cause frameshift mutations.
2. Cancer cells commonly show chromosomal aberrations
3. UV and gamma rays are mutagens
4. Change in a single base pair of DNA does not cause mutation

Q. Mutations can be artificially induced by

1. X-rays
2. Infra-red rays
3. Radio waves
4. Visible light

Q. Which of the following is a wrong statement regarding mutations?

1. UV and gamma rays are mutagens
2. Change in single base pair of DNA does not cause mutation
3. Deletion and insertion of base pairs cause frame shift mutation
4. Cancer cells commonly show chromosomal aberration

Q. Short / Long answer type questions
List the different ways by which mutations alter the structure of the chromosomes, Illustrate any one of them by a diagram.

Q. Frameshift mutations are those in which

1. groups of three nucleotides get inserted or deleted
2. a few nucleotides (not in multiples of three) get inserted or deleted
3. a single nucleotide gets replaced by another
4. the reading frame of the nucleotide sequence does not get shifted

Q. Which one of the following is a wrong statement regarding mutations?

1. Deletion and insertion of base pairs cause frameshift mutations.
2. Cancer cells commonly show chromosomal aberrations
3. UV and gamma rays are mutagens
4. Change in a single base pair of DNA does not cause mutation

Q. A mutation changes the original base sequence of DNA, GATAGCCG to a new sequence GGTAGCCG. What is the type of mutation?

1. Transition
2. Transversion
3. Translocation
4. Inversion

Q. Silent mutation indicates that the genetic codes are usually:

1. Universal
2. Ambigous
3. Degenerate
4. Specific

Q. Which of the following alterations of the codons ATTGCC is most serious?

1. ATTCCCGCC
2. ATTGCA
3. ATCGCC
4. ATTTGCC

Q. A DNA molecule has the sequence CAT CAT CAT. If a guanine base is added at the beginning of the sequence, which of the following would be the most appropriate option?

1. G UAT CAT CAT
2. GCA TCA TCA T
3. Both B and C
4. Frame shift mutation

Q. Which one of the following is a wrong statement regarding mutations?

1. Change in a single base pair of DNA does not cause mutation
2. Deletion and insertion of base pairs cause frameshift mutations.
3. Cancer cells commonly show chromosomal aberrations
4. UV and gamma rays are mutagens

Q.

explain the various types of mutagens with the help of example?

Q. Muller observed that mutations can be induced by _____

1. Agent orange
2. High temperature
3. X-rays
4. All of the above

Q. Which of the following is a physical factor that induce mutation?

1. Acridines
2. UV- rays
3. Base analogue
4. $NH{O}_2$

Q. Frameshift mutations are those in which

1. groups of three nucleotides get inserted or deleted
2. a few nucleotides (not in multiples of three) get inserted or deleted
3. a single nucleotide gets replaced by another
4. the reading frame of the nucleotide sequence does not get shifted

Q. Which letter on the graph indicates a bottleneck event?

1. A
2. B
3. D
4. C

Q. Rate of mutation is affected by _______________.

1. X-rays
2. Gamma rays
3. All of these
4. Temperature

Q. 'Illegitimate crossing over' is another term for

1. Transition
2. None of the above
3. Reciprocal translocation
4. Transversion