Microbes in Agriculture

Q.

Give some examples of leguminous plants

Q. Assertion: Use of fertilizers greatly enhances crop productivity. Reason: Irrigation is very important in increasing crop productivity.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.
2. Both the reason and assertion are true but the assertion is not the correct explanation for reason.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both the reason and assertion are false

Q.

Why is oxygen toxic to anaerobic bacteria?

Q. Trichoderma species are free living and are effective biocontrol agents of several plant pathogens. They are:

1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Viruses
4. Nematodes

Q. Match the following.

	Column I		Column II
A	Free living nitrogen fixing bacteria	i	Azolla
B	Free living nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria	ii	Rhizobium, Frankia
C	Symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria	iii	Aulosira
D	Symbiotic nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria	iv	Azotobacter, Beijerinckia, Clostridium

1. A→i; B→ii; C→iii; D→iv
2. A→ii; B→i; C→iv; D→iii
3. A→iv; B→iii; C→ii; D→i
4. A→iii; B→iv; C→i; D→ii

Q. Which of the following gene is responsible for biological nitrogen fixation?

1. Nitrogenase
2. Nif gene
3. Yeast alanine tRNA synthetase
4. RNA synthetase

Q. A nitrogen-fixing microbe associated with Azolla in rice field is

1. Spirulina
2. Tolypothrix
3. Frankia
4. Anabaena

Q.

Choose the odd one out among the following with respect to nitrogen fixation.

1. Bacillus anabaena

2. Rhizobium

3. Azotobacter

4. Pseudomonas

Q.

What is the role of Heterocyst in Nostoc?

Q. Why are blue green algae not popular as biofertilisers?

Q.

Illustrate obligatory aerobes with an example.

Q.

What is Rhizobium leguminosarum culture?

Q.

Is Azospirillum in nitrogen fixation?

Q. Assertion :Use of fertilizers greatly enhances crop productivity. Reason: Irrigation is very important in increasing crop productivity.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Q.

Which organisms are called as obligate anaerobes and faculative anaerobes ?

Q. How do thermoacidophiles live under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions ?

Q. Name a free-living and a symbiotic bacterium that serve as bio-fertiliser. Why are they so called? [2]

Q. how do the aquatic plants fulfil the need of nitrogen?

Q. Regaring the assertion and reason, select the right option.

Assertion: Use of biofertilizers greatly enhances crop productivity.
Reason: Irrigation is very important in increasing crop productivity.

1. Both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.
2. Both the assertion and reason are false.
3. The assertion is true, but the reason is false
4. Both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Q. Which of the following acts as biofertiliser

1. Mycorrhiza
   
2. $Rhizobium$
3. All of the above
4. $Nostoc$

Q. Which of the following bacterium is associated with the production of bioinsecticide?

1. Bacillus subtilis
2. Bacillus thuringensis
3. Agrobacterium
4. Azotobactor

Q.

How do facultative aerobic bacteria respire?

Q. Which one of the following helps in the absorption of phosphorus from soil by plants?

1. Oscillatoria
2. Rhizobium
3. Azotobacter
4. Glomus

Q.

This section contains 1 Matrix Match type question, which has 2 Columns (Column I and Column II). Column I has four entries (A), (B), (C) and (D), Column II has four entries (P), (Q), (R) and (S). Match the entries in Column I with the entries in Column II. Each entry in Column I may match with one or more entries in Column II.

इस खण्ड में 1 मैट्रिक्स मिलान प्रकार का प्रश्न है, जिसमें 2 कॉलम (कॉलम I तथा कॉलम II) हैं। कॉलम I में चार प्रविष्टियाँ (A), (B), (C) तथा (D) हैं, कॉलम II में चार प्रविष्टियाँ (P), (Q), (R) तथा (S) हैं। कॉलम I में दी गयी प्रविष्टियों का मिलान कॉलम II में दी गयी प्रविष्टियों के साथ कीजिए। कॉलम I में दी गयी प्रत्येक प्रविष्टि का मिलान कॉलम-II में दी गयी एक या अधिक प्रविष्टियों के साथ हो सकता है।

Match the Columns and choose the appropriate answer

कॉलमों का मिलान करें और सही उत्तर चुनें

	Column-I कॉलम-I		Column-II कॉलम-II
(A)	Curd दही	(P)	Bacteria जीवाणु
(B)	Bread ब्रेड	(Q)	Contains vitamin B12 विटामिन B12 युक्त
(C)	Idli इडली	(R)	Yeast यीस्ट
(D)	Beer बीयर	(S)	Fermented product किण्वित उत्पाद

1. A-PQS, B-RS, C-PS, D-RS
2. A-PS, B-RS, C-PQS, D-RS
3. A-PQRS, B-RS, C-PS, D-PRS
4. A-PS, B-PQRS, C-PRS, D-PRS

Q. What happened when wheat field decreases with Rhizobium?

1. No increase in production/nitrogen contents of soil
2. Fertility of soil increases
3. Fertility of soil decreases
4. Increase in production and nitrogen contents of soil

Q. Living organisms used to enrich the nutrient quality of the soil are called as

1. Biofertilisers
2. Biocontrol agents
3. Synthetic fertilisers
4. Natural fertilisers

Q. Select the mismatched pair

1. Symbiotic bacteria - Rhizobium, Frankia
2. Symbiotic cyanobacteria - Frankia, Aulosira
3. Free-living bacteria - Beijerinckia, Azotobacter
4. None of these

Q. What is the difference between oscillatoria and nostoc as the both are help in fixation of Nitrogen ??

Q. Short / Long answer type questions.
Why is it necessary to incorporate forest soil alongwith a forest tree when it is transplanted to a treeless area?

Q. Match column I with column II, and choose the correct combination from the options given below.

	Column I		Column II
i	Semi-dwarf wheat	a	Philippines
ii	$IR-8$	b	South India
iii	Saccharum officinarum	c	Mexico
iv	Jaya	d	India