The Chemiosmotic Hypothesis

Q.

What is the difference between ATP and ADP?

Q. Protons accumulate inside the lumen of thylakoids due to

1. splitting of water
2. formation of NADPH
3. both a and b
4. formation of ATP

Q. During ATP synthesis, movement of electrons occurs from

1. lumen of thylakoids to stroma of thylakoids
2. membrane of thylakoids to stroma of thylakoids
3. lumen of thylakoids to membrane of thylakoids
4. stroma of thylakoids to lumen of thylakoids

Q.

What type of biomolecule is ATP?

Q. The protons formed by splitting of water are released into the

1. lumen of the thylakoids
2. outer side of the membrane
3. stroma of chloroplast
4. both (a) and (b)

Q.

Why is ATP better than GTP?

Q. Chemiosmosis requires a

1. Membrane
2. Proton pump
3. Proton gradient
4. All of the above

Q. Boron in green plants assists in:

1. Activation of enzymes
2. Acting of enzyme cofactor
3. Sugar transport
4. Photosynthesis

Q.

Does chemiosmosis require oxygen?

Q.

What Is the source of energy for ATP?

Q.

Question 18
(a) NADP reductase enzyme is located on ............... .
(b) Breakdown of proton gradient leads to release of .............. .

Q. Proton gradient helps in:

1. Providing oxygen to PS-ll
2. ATP synthesis
3. NADPH synthesis
4. Providing electrons to PS-ll

Q.

Question 37
Explain how during light reaction of photosynthesis, ATP synthesis is a chemiosmotic phenomenon.

Q. Identify the parts labelled as $1,2,3\&4$ in the diagram given below.

1. 1-PC, 2-Fd, 3-PQ, 4-FNR
2. 1-Fd, 2-PC, 3-PQ, 4-FNR
3. 1-PQ, 2-Fd, 3-PC, 4-FNR
4. 1-PQ, 2-PC, 3-Fd, 4-FNR

Q.

What is the full form of ATP and NADP?

Q. Protons accumulate inside the lumen of thylakoids due to

1. splitting of water
2. formation of NADPH
3. both a and b
4. formation of ATP

Q.

Why do all organisms need to make ATP?

Q. The diagram below summarises the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis.


What is occurring at X?

1. ADP + Pi →ATP
2. NADP →NADPH + H${}^{+}$
3. $2H_{2}O$→$O_2$+ 4H
4. RuBP + $C{O}_2$→2GP

Q. From the evolutionary perspective:
Statement 1: The DNA sequence of gorillas and humans have more differences in the gene sequence compared to chimps.
Statement 2: DNA of humans and chimps have more similarity in their gene sequence as compared to other animals.

1. Both the statements are correct
2. Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect
3. Statement 1 incorrect and statement 2 is correct
4. Both the statements are incorrect
   

Q. What is ATP?

1. Primary energy carrier
2. Enzyme
3. Catalyst
4. Both b and c

Q.

Which theory explains $\text{ATP}$ synthesis in chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Q. Total number of ATP molecules formed (net gain) during the process of aerobic respiration is

1. 42
2. 30
3. 14
4. 36

Q. The amount of energy given by one ATP molecule is

1. 67 Kcal.
2. 6.7 Kcal.
3. 7.6 Kcal.
4. 76 Kcal.

Q. Chemiosmotic hypothesis was proposed by

1. Charles Darwin
2. Mendel
3. Peter D Mitchell
4. Alfred Russell

Q. Chemiosmotic hypothesis is related to

1. photolysis of water
2. synthesis of ATP
3. conversion of NADP+ to NADPH
4. osmoregulation of ions

Q. Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase complex containing cytochromes.

1. b and $c_1$ and one copper centre
2. a and $a_3$ and four copper centres
3. $c_1$ and c and three copper centres
4. a and $a_3$ and two copper centres

Q. Hugo de Vries, a rediscoverer of Mendel's work belonged to

1. Holland
2. Austria
3. Germany
4. England.

Q. Poisons like cyanide inhibit $N{a}^{+}$ efflux and $K^{+}$ influx during cellular transport. This inhibitory effect is reversed by an injection of ATP. This demonstrates that

1. ATP is the carrier protein in the transport system
2. $N{a}^{+}$ - $K^{+}$ exchange pump operates in the cell
3. Energy for $N{a}^{+}$ - $K^{+}$ exchange pump comes from ATP
4. ATP is hydrolyzed by ATPase to release energy

Q. Identify the parts labelled as $1,2,3\&4$ in the diagram given below.

1. 1-PC, 2-Fd, 3-PQ, 4-FNR
2. 1-Fd, 2-PC, 3-PQ, 4-FNR
3. 1-PQ, 2-Fd, 3-PC, 4-FNR
4. 1-PQ, 2-PC, 3-Fd, 4-FNR

Q. Restriction enzymes were used to cleave a section of DNA into four fragments. These fragments were 400, 600, 1800, and 3000 base pairs long.
Which gel electrophoresis well in the image most likely represents these fragments?
Note: The wells are drawn as boxes at the bottom of the diagram.

1. Well A
2. Well C
3. Well D
4. Well B