What Is Xerarch Succession

Q. Identify the correct sequence of seral stages in hydrarch succession.
I. Shrub stage
II. Reed swamp stage
III. Rooted submerged plant stage
IV. Phytoplankton stage
V. Free-floating plant stage
VI. Forest stage

1. IV, III, V, II, I, VI
2. III, V, I, VI, II, IV
3. II, IV, III, I, V, VI
4. IV, VI, V, III, II, I

Q.

Large scale deforestation decreases

1. Soil erosion

2. Rainfall

3. Drought

4. Global warming

Q. Lichens are usually the pioneer species in xerarch succession. As per the five-kingdom system of classification given by Whittaker, lichens are placed in which kingdom?

1. Plantae
2. Protista
3. Fungi
4. Lichens are not placed in any kingdom

Q.

Among bryophytes, lichens and fern which one is a pioneer species in a xeric succession?

Q.

Xerarch succession ultimately leads to medium water conditions or mesic conditions

1. True
2. False

Q. What are the consequences of deforestation?

Q. Xerarch succession of ecological communities originate in

1. Sand dunes
2. Rock Desert
3. Desert
4. All of the above

Q.

The pioneer species in Xerach and Hydrarch succession are respectively

1. Lichens and sedges

2. Lichens and rooted hydrophytes

3. Lichens and phytoplanktons

4. Phytoplanktons and lichens

Q. Assertion :Mosses along with lichens are the first organisms to colonize rocks. Reason: They decompose rocks by secereting acid substances.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Q. Both, hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to

1. Medium water conditions
2. Xeric conditions
3. Highly dry conditions
4. Excessive wet conditions

Q. Which of the following is a pioneer in xerarch sucession

1. Phytoplanktons
2. Lichens
3. Bryophytes
4. Sedges

Q. Identify the correct statements regarding succession of plants.
(i) xerach succession leads finally to mesic conditions
(ii) primary succession is faster than secondary succession
(iii) bryophytes are generally the pioneer species for primary succession on rocks

1. (i) and (ii) only
2. (i) only
3. (ii) and (iii) only
4. (i), (ii) and (iii)

Q. The early settlers on a barren area (rock) are

1. Ferns
2. Mosses
3. Lichens
4. Diatoms

Q. Choose the correct sequence of transitional communities in Xerarch succession.

1. Mosses $\to$ Lichens $\to$ Grasses
2. Bryophytes $\to$ Forest $\to$ Shrubs
3. Bryophytes $\to$ Herbs $\to$ Shrubs
4. Lichens $\to$ Mosses$\to$ Herbs

Q. Desert can be turned into green lands by planting

1. oxylophytes
2. psammophytes
3. halophytes
4. psychrophytes

Q. When ecological succession begins, the dominating species are:

1. Pioneer species
2. Keystone species
3. Climax species
4. Invader species

Q. Explain how xerarch succession progresses from xeric to mesic condition and forms a stable climax community.

Q. Which of the following is an ornamental plant?

1. Bellis perennis

2. Artemesia annua

3. Ageratum conizoides

4. Sonchus asper

Q. After a forest fire when above-ground plants are killed, which plant are the first to reappear?

1. Liverworts
2. Mosses
3. Ferns
4. Angiosperms

Q. A rocky barren land after some time changes into fertile rich, crop yielding land. Which sequence might have occured?

1. Lichens, mosses, shrubs, herbs
2. Lichens, mosses, herbs, shrubs
3. Mosses, herbs, shrubs, lichens
4. Herbs, shrubs, lichens, mosses

Q. Assertion :Lichens and mosses are said to form the pioneer community in xerarch succession
Reason: It is because these species get established later, during the course of succession.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Q. Which of the following is a pioneer in xerarch sucession

1. Phytoplanktons
2. Lichens
3. Sedges
4. Bryophytes

Q. Which one is first colonizer of bare rock/pioneer community in xerarch?

1. Annual herb
2. Perennial herb
3. Lichen/Moss
4. Scrub
5. Forest

Q.

Deforestation will decrease_______

1. soil fertility

2. soil erosion

3. land slides

4. rainfall

Q. Desert can be converted into green land by planting

1. Oxylophytes
2. Psammophytes
3. Halophytes
4. Green trees

Q. Differentiate between.
Hydrosere and xerosere

Q. Earliest settlers on barren lands or the 'farmers of nature' are

1. Diatoms
2. Lichens
3. Moss and grasses
4. Ferns

Q. Succession in a water body leads to formation of

1. Mesophytic vegetation
2. Xerophytic vegetation
3. Halophytic vegetation
4. Epiphytic vegetation

Q. Trace the succession of plants on. a dry bare rock.