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Introduction to Le Chatelier's Principle

A cylinder fi...

Question

A cylinder fitted with a movable piston contains liquid water in equilibrium with water vapour at $25$ . Which operation result in a decrease in the equilibrium vapour pressure?

A

Moving the piston downward a short distance

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B

Removing a small mass of vapour

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C

Removing a small mass of the liquid water

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D

Dissolving salt in the water

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Solution

The correct option is D Dissolving salt in the water
Addition of salt always lowers the vapour pressure. Also, vapour pressure of a liquid is its characteristic pressure and depends only on temperature.Adding a solute lowers vapor pressure because the additional solute particles will fill the gaps between the solvent particles and take up space. This means less of the solvent will be on the surface and less will be able to break free to enter the gas phase, resulting in a lower vapor pressure.

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Similar questions

Q. A cylinder filled with a movable piston contains liquid water in equilibrium with water vapour at 25°c . Which one of the following operations results in a decrease in equilibrium vapour pressure?
1. Moving piston downward a short distance
2. Removing a small amount of vapour
3. Removing a small amount of the liquid water
4. Dissolving salt in the water

Q. A cylinder filled with a movable piston contains liquid water in equilibrium with water vapour at

25^{o} C

. Which one of the following operations results in a decrease in the equilibrium vapour pressure?

Q. Statement - I
A cylinder fitted with a movable piston contains a certain amount of liquid in equilibrium with its vapor. The temperature of the system is kept constant. If the volume of the vapor is decreased by moving the piston inwards, the vapor pressure will remain unchanged.
Statement - II
Vapor, in equilibrium with its liquid, at constant temperature does not obey Boyle's law.

Q. A cylinder fitted with an air tight piston contains a small amount of a liquid at a fixed temperature. The piston is moved out so that the volume increases
(a) What will be the effect on the change of vapour pressure initially?
(b) How will the rates of evaporation and condensation change initially?
(c) What will happen when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the final vapour pressure?

Q. A cylinder with piston contains

N_{2}

and a small amount of liquid water at a temperature of

25^{o} C

(aqueous tension of water = 23.8 mm). The total pressure inside the cylinder is 600 mm of Hg, the piston in the cylinder is pushed downwards keeping temperature constant to reduced the volume to half of its initial value. What is the pressure of this condition?

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