Question

a) Define genetic engineering.
b) What are the benefits of genetic engineering?

Answer 1

(a) Genetic engineering is the modification of the genetic information of living organisms by manipulation of DNA by adding, removing or repairing part of the genetic material (DNA) and changing the phenotype of the organism.
It is also known as gene manipulation or recombinant DNA Technology (r-DNA Technology).
(b) Benefits of genetic engineering includes-
(i) Studying gene structure and function.
(ii) Production of large quantities of insulin, interferon, human growth hormones, vaccines, etc.
(iii) It is used to transfer of nifgenes involved in Nitrogen fixation to increase yield.