A) Give the meaning of infant mortality rate.
B) Mention some examples of regional and economic groupings.
C) Name the programme started in China with the aim of industrialization.
D) Explain the development path of India, Pakistan and China.
A) Infant mortality rate refers to number of infants dying before reaching one year of age per 1000 live births in a year. Low IMR shows better health and sanitation facilities as most of the infants die due to unhygienic and insanitary environment. It is lowest in China with 30 infants and highest in Pakistan with 81 infants. IMR in India is 63.
B) SAARC, European Union, ASEAN, G8, G20 etc.
C) Great leap forward was the programme started in China with the aim of industrialization. Under this programme people were encouraged to set up industries in their backyards.
D) 1) All the three nations started their development path at the same time. India and Pakistan got independence in 1947 and people republic of China was established in 1949.
2) All three countries had started planning their development strategies in similar ways. India announced its first five year plan in 1951, Pakistan announced in 1956 and China in 1953.
3) India and Pakistan adopted similar strategies such as creating a large public sector and raising public expenditure on social development.
4) Till 1980, all the three countries had similar growth rate and per capita incomes.