(a) Mention conjugate base of each of the following:
$H S^{-}, H_{3} O^{+}, H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}, H {S O}_{4}^{-}, H F, {C H}_{3} C O O H, C_{6} H_{5} O H, H C l O_{4}, {N H}_{4}^{+}$
(b) Mention the conjugate acid of each of the following:
${O H}^{-}, {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}, {C l}^{-}, {C O}_{3}^{2 -}, H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}, {C H}_{3} {N H}_{2}, {C H}_{3} C O O H, {N H}_{2}^{-}$
(c) Which of the following behave both as Bronsted acids as well as Bronsted bases?
$H_{2} O, H {C O}_{3}^{-}, H_{2} {S O}_{4}, H_{3} {P O}_{4}, H S^{-}, {N H}_{3}$
(d) Which is stronger acid in each of the following pairs?
$H C l, H I; H_{2} {C O}_{3}, H_{2} {S O}_{4}; H_{2} O, H_{2} S; C_{2} H_{5} O H, C_{6} H_{5} O H$
(e) Which is stronger base in each of the following pairs?
${O H}^{-}, {C l}^{-}; {O H}^{-}, {N H}_{2}^{-}; {O H}^{-}, {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}; {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}, {C l}^{-}; {N H}_{3}, {C H}_{3} {N H}_{2}$
(f) Classify the following into acids and bases according to Lewis concept:
$S^{2 -}, H^{+}, {O H}^{-}, B F_{3}, {N i}^{2 +}, N F_{3}, A l {C l}_{3}, S n {C l}_{4}, {N H}_{3}, {({C H}_{3})}_{2} O$

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Solution

(a) $S^{2 -}, H_{2} O, H {P O}_{4}^{-}, {S O}_{4}^{-}, F^{-}, {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}, C_{6} H_{5} O^{-}, C l O_{4}^{-}, {N H}_{3}$

(b) $H_{2} O, {C H}_{3} C O O H, H C l, H {C O}_{3}^{-}, H_{3} {P O}_{4}, {C H}_{3} {N H}_{3}^{+}, {C H}_{3} C O O H_{2}^{+}, {N H}_{3}$

(c) $H_{2} O, H {C O}_{3}^{-}; H S^{-}$ and ${N H}_{3}$ behave both as acids and bases.

(d) $H I > H C l; H_{2} {S O}_{4} > H_{2} {C O}_{3}; H_{2} S > H_{2} O; C_{6} H_{5} O H > C_{2} H_{5} O H$

(e) ${O H}^{-} > C l^{-}; {N H}_{2}^{-} > {O H}^{-}; {O H}^{-} > {C H}_{3} C O O^{-}; {C H}_{3} C O O^{-} > {C l}^{-}; {C H}_{3} {N H}_{2} > {N H}_{3}$

(f) Lewis acids are : $H^{+}, B F_{3}, {N i}^{2 +}, A l {C l}_{3}, S n {C l}_{4}$
Lewis bases are : $S^{2 -}, {O H}^{-}, N F_{3}, {N H}_{3}, {({C H}_{3})}_{2} O$

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Similar questions

Q. Which of the following are Bronsted acids as well as Bronsted bases?

{N H}_{3}, {H S O}_{4}^{-}, H_{2} {S O}_{4}, {H C O}_{3}^{-}, H_{3} O

Q. Three reactions involving

H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}

are given below:
(i)

H_{3} {P O}_{4} + H_{2} O \to H_{3} O^{+} + H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-}

(ii)

H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-} + H_{2} O \to H {P O}_{4}^{2 -} + H_{3} O^{+}

(iii)

H_{2} {P O}_{4}^{-} + {O H}^{-} \to H_{3} {P O}_{4} + O^{2 -}

Q. Consider the following reactions,
(i)

{C O}_{3}^{2 -} + H_{2} O ⇌ {H C O}_{3}^{-} + {O H}^{-}

(ii)

{C O}_{2} + H_{2} O ⇌ H_{2} {C O}_{3}

(iii)

{N H}_{3} + H_{2} O ⇌ {N H}_{4} O H

(iv)

H C l + H_{2} O ⇌ {C l}^{-} + H_{3} O^{+}

Which of the pairs of reaction proves that water is amphoteric in character?

Q. The total number of diprotic acids among the following is:

H_{3} {P O}_{4}, H_{2} {S O}_{4}, H_{3} {P O}_{3}, H_{2} {C O}_{3}, H_{2} S_{2} O_{7}, H_{3} B O_{3}, H_{3} {P O}_{2}, H_{2} {C r O}_{4}, H_{2} {S O}_{3}

Which of the following is not correct?

$O r d e r o f b a s i c i t y O r d e r o f n u c l e o p h i l i c i t y (a) F^{-} > C l^{-} > B r^{-} B r_{-} > C l^{-} > F^{-} (b) H - O - O^{-} > O H^{-} H - O - O^{-} > O H^{-} (c) C H_{3} > N H_{2}^{-} > O H - C H_{3} > N H_{2}^{-} > O H^{-} (d) H_{2} O > H_{2} S H_{2} O < H_{2} S$

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