A plot of the number of neutrons (n) against the number of protons (p) of stable nuclei exhibits upward deviation from linearity for atomic number, Z>20. For an unstable nucleus having n/p ratio less than 1, the possible mode(s) of decay is (are)
A
β−−decay(β−emission)
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B
Orbital or K-electron capture
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C
Neutron emission
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D
β+ - decay (positron emission)
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Solution
The correct options are B Orbital or K-electron capture Dβ+ - decay (positron emission) All the nuclei tends to maintain its np ratio around 1-1.5 range. So if any nuclei have np ratio less than 1 then it wants to increase it either by gaining neutron or lossing proton.
a) βdecay A→X+0−1e In this decay there is an increament in p which furthur decreases the ratio.
b) OrbitalorK−electroncapture A+0−1e→X In this process there is a decreament in p which increases the ratio and stability.
c) Neutronemission A→X+10n Here, there is loss of n which decreases the ratio and stability.
d) Positronemission A→X+0+1e In this process there is a decreament in p which increases the ratio and stability.