A screw is a mechanical system that converts rotational motion in to linear motion. In other worlds it converts torque (rotational force) in to a linear force.
Although ‘screw’ refers to many helical devices, in its simplest form it consists of helical threads around a cylindrical shaft (male/external thread) and its purpose is to fasten components together. At least one of these components to be fastened together contains an internal/female thread and this may be formed during the installation of the screw if the material is softer than that of the screw. This differs to the definition of a bolt which is a similarly threaded component used to fasten un-threaded components together with the use of a nut. In both cases, rotation of the threaded component, through the application of torque, results in relative movement between it and the female thread and the screw/bolt moves along its axis.