A simplified model of the carbon cycle is depicted.
X, Y and Z in the figure could represent.

X: rice plants, Y: locusts and Z: bacteria

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X: goats, Y: grass and Z: fungi

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X: saprophytic bacteria, Y: horses and Z: shrubs

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X: cows, Y: saprophytic fungi and Z: bacteria

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Solution

The correct option is C X: goats, Y: grass and Z: fungi
In the given diagram, Y represents the primary producer, X represents the primary consumers and Z represents fungi. X (goats) obtain energy in the form of carbon from the Y (grass). Z (Fungi) mineralize organic carbon present in in litter of plants and goats and obtain energy. Fossil fuel is then formed from decomposition of dead organisms. Combustion of fossil fuel will release CO $_{2}$ in the atmosphere. This atmospheric CO $_{2}$ is released also from goats and grass during respiration.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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