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Question

Acetic acid is treated with Ca(OH)2 and the product so obtained is subjected to distillation. The final product is :

A
ethanal
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B
propanal
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C
propanone
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D
ethanol
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Solution

The correct option is B propanone
Acetic acid (as an example of a typical carboxylic acid) reacts with calcium hydroxide to form calcium acetate. This is a simple acid-base reaction which forms a salt and water:

2CH3COOH+Ca(OH)2(CH3COO)2Ca+2H2O
Upon heating, calcium acetate undergoes decomposition to acetone and calcium carbonate. The acetone can be distilled off from the mixture, leaving behind solid calcium carbonate:

(CH3COO)2CaΔCaCO3+2(CH3)2C=O

At even higher temperatures calcium carbonate itself can be decomposed to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide:

CaCO3ΔCaO+CO

Hence, the correct option is C

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