Question

Among the following, the molecule of highest dipole moment is:

• A. $C{Cl}_4$
• B. $N{H}_3$
• C. $H_{2}O$
• D. $CH{Cl}_3$
• E. $B{F}_3$

Answer 1

The correct option is C $H_{2}O$

As the s-character increases, dipole moment increases.

Therefore, percentage s-character in $B{F}_3\&H_{2}O$ is highest among all given compounds.

In $B{F}_3$, all the three bonds are in the same plane and dipole moments cancel one another resulting net dipole moment equal to zero.

Hence, $H_{2}O$ has highest dipole moment among all the given compounds.

In case of water molecule the two O—H bonds are oriented at an angle of 104.5° and have a bent structure. The dipole moment of $H_{2}O$ is 1.84 D, i.e., the resultant of the dipole moments of two bonds.