An electric dipole when placed in a uniform electric field E→ will have minimum potential energy, if the positive direction of the dipole make an angle of _____ rad with E→.

\frac{3 π}{2}

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0.0

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\frac{π}{2}

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π

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Solution

The correct option is (B) 0

We know,
When an electric dipole is placed in uniform electric field then the potential energy is given as
Potential energy = $- p E cos θ$
When $θ = 0 r a d$ , then potential energy becomes most negative.
Most negative value of potential means the minimum value of the potential so the angle must be $0^{0}$ .

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