Question

Arranging atomic orbitals in increasing energy order. Explain this in detail.

Answer 1

Atomic Orbitals:

• Atomic orbital is a mathematical function that sheds light on the wave-like behavior of the electrons that surround atomic nuclei.
• These mathematical operations are frequently used to calculate the likelihood of detecting an electron at a certain area near the atom's nucleus.
• On the basis of the $(\mathrm{n}+\mathrm{l})$ rule, orbitals are ordered with increasing energy.
• An orbital has more energy if its value of $(\mathrm{n}+\mathrm{l})$ is greater.
• The lower the value of $(\mathrm{n}+\mathrm{l})$ for an orbital, the lower the energy.
• Based on the description above, the following arrangement of atomic orbitals in ascending energy order can be used.
• Write the shells in a column first, one below the other.
• The subshells should be in the same row and arranged in increasing order of $n$ value.
• Then, sketch a downward-sloping arrow. A new orbital must be used to finish the arrow.
• Every time the $\mathrm{s}-$ subshell is reached, the first two stages must be repeated.
• Write the subshells in the sequence of the moving arrows to finish.
• As a result, the subshells can be expressed as follows in increasing energy order.

Final Answer:

Atomic orbitals in increasing energy order, $1s2s2p3s3p4s3d4p5s4d5p6s4f5d6p7s5f6d7p8s5g6f7d8p$.