Assertion: Longitudinal waves are called pressure waves.
Reason: Propagation of longitudinal waves through a medium involves changes in pressure in the medium.

Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

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Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not a correct explanation of assertion.

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Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.

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Assertion is incorrect but reason is correct.

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Solution

The correct option is A Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
When longitudinal waves propagates through a medium, it causes displacement of particles of motion along the direction of wave propagation.

Hence at some points particles are close to each other while at some points they are farther apart. This creates a density difference in medium, due to which pressure difference arises in the material medium.
Since propagation of longitudinal waves through a medium creates pressure disturbances in the medium, hence these waves are called pressure waves.

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