Assertion :Unlike the > C=O group of aldehydes and ketones,the $> C = O$ of $R - O | | C - O H$ does not undergo nucleophilic addition reactions. Reason: Carboxylic acids exist as dimers due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding in aprotic medium.

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

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Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion

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Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

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Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

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Solution

The correct option is C Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
Unlike the aldehyde and ketones the carboxylic acid undergo nucleophilic substitution but not addition.
Aldehydes and ketones have a definite $> C = O$ double bond, and that's why they can be attacked by a nucleophile (because the carbon is delta positive and the oxygen is delta negative, because of the difference in electronegativity).
In carboxylic acids, the two oxygen atoms share the extra pair of electrons. Since there is a big electron cloud near that central $C$ atom, The electron pair hovers between the two oxygen atoms because this is the most stable situation. Carboxylic acids have too much electron density for the central $C$ atom to be exposed to a nucleophilic attack.

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Assertion :Unlike the > C=O group of aldehydes and ketones,the >C=O of R−O||C−OH does not undergo nucleophilic addition reactions. Reason: Carboxylic acids exist as dimers due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding in aprotic medium.

Assertion :Unlike the > C=O group of aldehydes and ketones,the $> C = O$ of $R - O | | C - O H$ does not undergo nucleophilic addition reactions. Reason: Carboxylic acids exist as dimers due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding in aprotic medium.