Question

Assertion :We can distinguish between solutions of dilute sulphuric acid with dilute HCl and dilute $HN{O}_3$. Reason: With barium chloride solution sulphuric acid will give white precipitate while hydrochloric acid and nitric acid will not give any precipitate

• A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
• B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
• C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
• D. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Answer 1

The correct option is A Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

The reaction of barium chloride with dilute sulphuric acid forms white precipitate of barium sulphate and hydrochloric acid. This type of reaction is called double displacement reaction in which both the reactants exchange their partners.

BaCl₂ (aq.)+ H₂SO₄ (aq.) ----- > BaSO₄ (s) + 2HCl (aq.)

But when the barium chloride is treated with dilute nitric acid, all the reactants and products will be in aqueous state indicating that the complete solution will contain the ions of Ba⁺² , Cl^- , H⁺, NO₃^-

BaCl₂ (aq.) + 2HNO₃(aq.) ---- > Ba(NO₃)₂ (aq.) + 2HCl (aq.)

For a reaction to take place, either of the following conditions which must take place:

(a) the formation of insoluble product or precipitate.

(b) the evolution of gas.

(c) the formation of non-dissociating product.

Neither of these conditions is taking place on the reaction of barium chloride with dilute hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. hence, no reaction takes place in either of this case contrary to that of dilute sulphuric acid.

In case of reaction of barium chloride with dilute hydrochloric acid, the double displacement reaction cannot take place due to same anions with both the reactants.

BaCl₂ (aq.)+ HCl (aq.) ----- > no reaction