Question

The atomic numbers of some elements are given as $10,20,7,$ and$14$. Identify the periods of these elements in the periodic table

Answer 1

Periods:

1. Periods are defined as a row of elements. There are $7$ periods preset in the periodic table.
2. Writing down the element's electrical configuration provides us with the period of that element.
3. The period to which an element belongs is determined by its highest principal quantum number.

Neon:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number $10$ and is represented as $"\mathrm{Ne}"$
2. It is a colorless, odorless inert gas.
3. Its electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^6$
4. Its highest principal quantum number is $2$
5. Hence, it belongs to the period $2$

Calcium:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number$20$ and is represented as $\mathrm{Ca}$
2. It is a highly reactive metal.
3. The electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$
4. Its highest principle quantum number is $4$
5. Hence, it belongs to the period $4$

Nitrogen:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number $7$ and is represented as $"\mathrm{N}"$
2. It is a non-metal and most abundant element in the universe.
3. Its electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^3$
4. Its highest principal quantum number is $2$
5. Hence, it belongs to the period $2$

Silicon:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number $14$and is represented as $"\mathrm{Si}"$
2. It is a solid, crystalline metalloid and semiconductor in nature.
3. Its electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^2$
4. Its highest principal quantum is $3$
5. Hence, it belongs to the period $3$

Therefore, the periods of the elements having atomic number $10,20,7,$ and$14$ is $2,4,2,$and $3$