Question

The atomic numbers of some elements are given as $10,20,7,$ and$14$. Determine the valency of these elements.

Answer 1

Valency:

1. Valency is the ability of an element to join with other elements to form a stable configuration.
2. Knowing an element's electrical configuration is important for calculating its valency because it allows us to compute the valence electrons.
3. Valency is equal to valence electrons for elements with valence electrons $1,2$ and $3$
4. Valency is equivalent to the $8-$valence electrons in the case of elements with $4,5,6,7$ and $8$valence electrons.

Neon:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number $10$ and is represented as $"\mathrm{Ne}"$
2. It is a colorless, odorless inert gas.
3. Its electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^6$
4. Number of the valence electron in neon is $8$
5. Valency$=8-8\Rightarrow 0$

Calcium:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number$20$ and is represented as $\mathrm{Ca}$
2. It is a highly reactive metal.
3. The electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^{6}4{\mathrm{s}}^2$
4. Number of the valence electron in calcium is $2$
5. Valency also equal to $2$

Nitrogen:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number $7$ and is represented as $"\mathrm{N}"$
2. It is a non-metal and most abundant element in the universe.
3. Its electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^3$
4. Number of the valence electron in nitrogen$=5$
5. Valency$=8-5\Rightarrow 3$

Silicon:

1. It is a chemical element with an atomic number $14$and is represented as $"\mathrm{Si}"$
2. It is a solid, crystalline metalloid and semiconductor in nature.
3. Its electronic configuration is $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{p}}^2$
4. Valence electron of silicon is $4$
5. Valency$=8-4\Rightarrow 4$

Therefore, the valency of the elements with atomic numbers $10,20,7,$ and$14$ is $0,2,3,$ and $4$