calculate the amount of work done in rotating a dipole from stable equilibrium to unstable equilibrium and state whether energy is released or consumed?

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Solution

Equation for work done in rotating dipole from angle 'X1' to angle 'X2'
Work done = P * E (cos X1 - cos X2)
Here, cos X1 = cos0 = 1 (stable)
cos X2 = cos 180 = -1 (unstable)
So,
Work done = P * E (1--1)
= 2PE
=====
Since P and E are positive, work done is positive. So Energy is consumed.

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calculate the amount of work done in rotating a dipole from stable equilibrium to unstable equilibrium and state whether energy is released or consumed?

Equation for work done in rotating dipole from angle 'X1' to angle 'X2' Work done = P * E (cos X1 - cos X2) Here, cos X1 = cos0 = 1 (stable) cos X2 = cos 180 = -1 (unstable) So, Work done = P * E (1--1) = 2PE ===== Since P and E are positive, work done is positive. So Energy is consumed.

Equation for work done in rotating dipole from angle 'X1' to angle 'X2'
Work done = P * E (cos X1 - cos X2)
Here, cos X1 = cos0 = 1 (stable)
cos X2 = cos 180 = -1 (unstable)
So,
Work done = P * E (1--1)
= 2PE
=====
Since P and E are positive, work done is positive. So Energy is consumed.