The correct option is B Liver cirrhosis
Addiction to alcohol is called alcoholism and involves the inability to manage drinking habits. Individuals struggling with alcoholism often feel that they need alcohol to function normally.
The term alcohol usually refers to ethyl alcohol which is a major component in many beverages such as wine, beer, whisky, etc.
Regular intake of alcohol can reduce efficiency at work, impact personal relationships and overall health. Over time, the effects of constant alcohol abuse can worsen and produce damaging complications of health and personal life.
Liver cirrhosis is a long-term adverse effect of alcohol consumption. It is a state when the liver tissue is damaged and replaced by scar tissue (made up of dead cells) which eventually leads to complete loss of function of the liver. The scar tissue blocks blood flow through the liver. This impairs the liver’s ability to process nutrients, hormones, drugs and natural toxins (poisons) and reduces the production of substances such as glycogen, bile pigments, etc. Gradually the liver becomes dysfunctional.
Emphysema is a condition characterised by damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. It is caused due to prolonged smoking.
Hepatitis B is a disease characterised by the inflammation of the liver and is caused by the Hepatitis B virus. The virus spreads through body fluids such as blood and hence intravenous drug abusers have a high risk of contracting the disease. This can happen if they reuse unsterilised needles that might have traces of blood of a previous user who might be infected with Hepatitis B.
Lung cancer refers to the tumours originating from the tissues of the lung or bronchi. The most common cause of lung cancer is smoking and use of tobacco products. It can also be caused due to exposure to asbestos, air pollution or chronic infections.