Question

A chemical bond implies:

• A. Attraction
• B. Repulsion
• C. Attraction and repulsion
• D. Attraction and repulsion balanced at a particular distance

Answer 1

The correct option is D

Attraction and repulsion balanced at a particular distance

The explanation for the correct option:

Attraction and repulsion are balanced at a particular distance.

Chemical bonds: Chemical bonds are a kind of force of attraction that holds two or more atoms, molecules, or ions together.

The atoms contain a nucleus in which a positive charge is present and electrons are revolving around the nucleus.

• So, as the other atom comes to form a bond the electron of one atom attracts the nucleus of another element but the electron pairs of one atom will repel the electron pairs of another atom. This leads to attraction and repulsion both in the case when a bond forms at a particular distance.
• When the attraction force increases the energy will decrease and when the repulsion force increases the energy will increase that's why both repulsion and attraction are necessary to make any bond stable.
• Chemical bonds are of different types based on the situation whether the electrons have been shared, donate from one side, or donate from both sides.

Covalent bond: This kind of bond is formed between two or more atoms when the sharing of electrons takes place.

Example, ${\mathrm{CH}}_4,{\mathrm{CO}}_2\mathrm{etc}.$

Ionic bond: This kind of bond is formed when electrons are gained or lost by the atoms or molecules.

Example, $\mathrm{NaCl},\mathrm{Mg}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_2\mathrm{etc}.$

Co-ordinate bond: This kind of bond is formed when lone pair of one compound is donated to another compound completely.

Example, $\left[{\mathrm{NH}}_3\to {\mathrm{BF}}_3\right],{\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}\mathrm{etc}.$

Therefore Option D is the correct option.