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Hardness of Water and Treatment

Choose the co...

Question

Choose the correct statement regarding Calgon's process

Used for softening hard water

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Calgon is trade name of sodium hexametaphosphate

(N a P O_{3})_{6}

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Complex anion precipitate

M g^{+ 2}

and

C a^{+ 2}

from solution

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M g^{+ 2}

and

C a^{+ 2}

ions displaces

N a^{+}

from complex anion.

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Solution

The correct options are
A Used for softening hard water
B Calgon is trade name of sodium hexametaphosphate $(N a P O_{3})_{6}$
D $M g^{+ 2}$ and $C a^{+ 2}$ ions displaces $N a^{+}$ from complex anion.
Calgon is the trade name for complex salt, Sodium hexametaphosphate $(N a P O_{3})_{6}$ . This method is used for softening the hard water.
In this process, calgon ionise in water to form complex anion and $N a^{+}$ ions. The $M g^{+ 2}$ and $C a^{+ 2}$ ion in water will displace the $N a^{+}$ ion from complex anion and they form a soluble complex compound. They doesn't get precipitated.
This results in the removal of hardness from water and sodium ion from calgon is released into water.

$N a_{6} P_{6} O_{18} \to 2 N a^{+} + N a_{4} P_{6} O_{18}^{2 -}$
$M^{2 +} + N a_{4} P_{6} O_{18}^{2 -} \to [N a_{2} M P_{6} O_{18}]^{2 -} + 2 N a^{+}$
Where, M = Mg and Ca

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