Question

Classify solutions

Answer 1

Solution: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components in which the particle size is smaller than$1\mathrm{nm}$.

Solutions are classified as follows :
Based on the type of solvent:

1. Aqueous solution: The solution in which water acts as a solvent, is called an aqueous solution. For example, sugar solution.
2. Non-aqueous solution: The solution in which any liquid other than water acts as a solvent is called a non-aqueous solution. For example, the solution of sulfur in carbon disulfide (CS2), benzene, ether, etc

Based on the amount of solute in the given solution:

1. Unsaturated solution: A solution in which the solute is in a lesser amount in comparison with the solvent is called an unsaturated solution. For example, sugar in a cup of hot coffee produces an unsaturated sugar solution.
2. Saturated solution: A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved in a definite amount of solvent at a given temperature is called a saturated solution.
3. Supersaturated solution: A solution that has more solute at a given temperature than that of the saturated solution is called a supersaturated solution. For example, carbonated water contains more carbon dioxide dissolved in water.

Based on the physical state of solute and solvent:

On the basis of the physical states of the constituents (solute and solvent), a solution can be of the following six types namely:

1. Solid in Solid: Solid solute and Solvent in the solid-state.
2. Solid in Liquid Solute: Solid Solvent and Liquid solute.
3. Liquid in Solid: Liquid solute and a liquid solvent.
4. Liquid in Liquid: Solute in liquid and solvent in liquid.
5. Gas in Liquid: Solute in gas and solvent in liquid.
6. Gas in Gas: Solute in gas and solvent in gas.