Question

Compare the magnitude of the partial charge on the hydrogen atom in $HCl$ with that of a single charge positive ion which is $4.80\times {10}^{-10}$ esu.

• A. The charge on the hydrogen atom of $HCl$ is about one third the charge on a monopositive ion
• B. The charge on the hydrogen atom of $HCl$ is about one-fourth the charge on a monopositive ion
• C. The charge on the hydrogen atom of $HCl$ is about one-sixth the charge on a monopositive ion
• D. The charge on the hydrogen atom of $HCl$ is about one-fifth the charge on a monopositive ion

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

The charge on the hydrogen atom of $HCl$ is about one-sixth the charge on a monopositive ion

The charge on the hydrogen atom of HCl is about one-sixth the charge on a monopositive ion. $\text{Dipole moment}=\text{Electronic charge}\times \text{Distance}$
$1.03\times {10}^{-18}=\text{Electronic charge}\times 1.27\times {10}^{-8}$
$\text{Electronic charge}=\frac{1.03\times {10}^{-18}}{1.27\times {10}^{-8}}=8.11\times {10}^{-11}$ e.s.u
The ratio of the charge on the hydrogen atom of $HCl$ to the charge on a monopositive ion is:
$\frac{8.11\times {10}^{-11}}{4.8\times {10}^{-10}}=\frac{1}{6}$