Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks and explain those statements.

(angiosperms, gymnosperms, spore, bryophyta, thallophyta, zygote)

a. .................... plants have soft and fibre-like body.

b. .................... is called the ‘amphibian’ of the plant kingdom.

c. In pteridophytes, asexual reproduction occurs by .................... formation and sexual reproduction occurs by ....................formation.

d. Male and female flowers of ....................are borne on different sporophylls of the same plant.

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Solution

a. Thallophyta plants have soft and fibre-like body.

b. Bryophyte is called the ‘amphibian’ of the plant kingdom.

c. In pteridophytes, asexual reproduction occurs by spore formation and sexual reproduction occurs by zygote formation.

d. Male and female flowers of gymnosperms are borne on different sporophylls of the same plant.

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Similar questions

Complete the following chart.

	Asexual reproduction		Sexual reproduction
1.	Reproduction that occurs with the help of somatic cells is called asexual reproduction.	1.	----------------------
2.	-------------------------------------------------------	2.	Male and female parent are necessary for sexual reproduction.
3.	This reproduction occurs with the help of mitosis only.	3.	----------------------------------
4.	----------------------------------------------	4.	New individual formed by this method is genetically different from parents.
5.	Asexual reproduction occurs in different individuals by various methods like binary 5 fission, multiple fission, budding, fragmentation, regeneration, vegetative propagation, spore production, etc.	5.	--------------------------------------

The male and female reproductive organs of several pteridophytes and gymnosperms are comparable to floral structures of angiosperms. Make an attempt to compare the various reproductive parts of pteridophytes and gymnosperms with reprodutive structures of angiosperms.

Monoecious, female, pedicel, sepals and petals, thalamus, torus, receptacle, male, unisexual, bisexual, dioecious.

Use the above phrases to fill in the blanks.
Flower is a condensed shoot which is specialized to carry out sexual reproduction. It is borne over a stalk called ........ (1) .............
There is a broad base called .........(2) ............
Thalamus bears four types of floral organs-sepals, petals,stamens and carpels. ................(3) ........................ have no direct function in sexual reproduction.
They are called accessory or non-essential floral organs.
Stamens and carpels are essential floral organs as they take part in sexual reproduction.
Stamens are .........(4) ........... reproductive organs while carpels are ......... (5) .......... reproductive organs.
Flowers are called ..........(6) ............. if they have either stamens (male or staminate) or carpels (female or pistillate), e.g., papaya, watermelon.
They are known as ..........(7)..........if the flowers possess both stamens and carpels, e.g.,Mustard, Hibiscus. Plants with unisexual flowers are called .......... (8) .......... if both male and female flowers occur on the same individual (e.g., Maize, Watermelon).
They are called ........... (9) ........ if male and female flowers are found on different individuals (e.g., Papaya).

Q. Which of the following are the correct differences between pteridophytes and phanerogams.
1. Pteridophytes have vascular tissue and phanerogams do not have vascular tissue
2. Pteridophytes are non flowering plants whereas, phanerogams are flowering plants.
3. Pteridophytes are seedless plants whereas, phanerogams are seed bearing plants.
4. Pteridophytes can reproduce by formation of spores whereas, phanerogams cannot reproduce by formation of spores.

Q. Sexual reproduction in plants always requires two flowers–one male and the other female. Do you agree? Give reasons.

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