Question

Compound ‘x’ conducts electricity in the aqueous solution or molten state. Compound ‘y’ conducts electricity in the aqueous solution only. Compound ‘z’ does not conduct electricity in the molten state or in the aqueous solution. Predict the nature of bonds in x,y and z.

Answer 1

• Compound ‘x’ is an ionic compound and the bond is an ionic. An ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Example: In$\mathrm{NaCl}$, Sodium transfers one electron to calcium to attain a stable electronic configuration.
• Compound ‘y’ is a polar covalent compound and the bond is a polar covalent bond. A polar covalent bond is formed when the electron pairs contributed by both the bonded atoms of the molecule are unequally shared. Example: $\mathrm{HF},{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O},\mathrm{HCl}$
• Compound ‘z’ is a non-polar covalent compound and the bond is a non-polar covalent bond. A non-polar covalent bond is formed when the electron pairs contributed by both the bonded atoms of the molecule are equally shared. Example: ${\mathrm{N}}_2,{\mathrm{O}}_2,{\mathrm{Cl}}_2$