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Electrolytic Refining

Cryolite and ...

Question

Cryolite and fluorspar are mixed with $A l_{2} O_{3}$ during electrolysis for extraction of aluminum to _______.

A

increase the mass of the reaction mixture

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B

get other products at anode like fluorine

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C

lower the melting point and increase the conductivity of the electrolyte

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D

reduce aluminium oxide by cryolite

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Solution

The correct option is C lower the melting point and increase the conductivity of the electrolyte
In the metallurgy of aluminium, purified $A l_{2} O_{3}$ is mixed with $N a_{3} A l F_{6}$ or $C a F_{2}$ which lowers the melting point and increase the conductivity of the electrolyte.
Hence, option C is correct.

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Q. Assertion :Cryolite is employed in the extraction of aluminium. Reason: Cryolite lowers the melting point of

A l_{2} O_{3}

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Q. In the Hall's process for extraction of aluminium,
(a) give the formula and purpose of fluorspar and cryolite.
(b) state the location of cathode and anode and explain what occurs at each electrode.

Q. During the electrolysis of cryolite, aluminium and fluorine are found in _______molar ratio.

In the process of extraction of Aluminium, Bauxite is mixed with cryolite so as to -

Q. The following is an extract from 'Metals in the service of man, Alexander and street / Pelican 1976' : Alumina (aluminium oxide) has a very high melting point of over 2000°C, so that it cannot readily be liquefied. However,conversion of alumina to aluminium and oxygen, by electrolysis, can occur when it is dissolved in some other substance.
(a) Which solution is used to react with bauxite as a first step in obtaining pure aluminium oxide?
(b) The aluminium oxide for the electrolytic extraction of aluminium is obtained by heating aluminium hydroxide. Write the equation for this reaction.
(c) Name the element which serves both as the anode and the cathode in the extraction of aluminium.
(d) Write the equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode during the extraction of aluminium.
(e) Write the equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode during the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis.
(f) Give the equation for the reaction that occurs at the anode when aluminium is purified by electrolysis.

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