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Byju's Answer

Standard XII

Chemistry

+I Effect

Decreasing - ...

Question

Decreasing - I power of given groups is:
1) $C N^{-}$
2) $N O_{2}$
3) $N H_{3}^{+}$
4) $F^{-}$

2> 1> 4> 3

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2 > 3 > 4 > 1

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3 > 2 > 4> 1

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3 > 2 > 1 > 4

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Solution

The correct option is D 3 > 2 > 1 > 4
$^{+} N H_{3}$ is most $e^{-}$ withdrawing since it is electron deficient and carrying a positive charge. Nitro group is also an electron withdrawing group. $C N^{-}$ is more $e^{-}$ withdrawing group than $F^{-}$ because fluorine being smaller in size, is already carrying a negative charge and cannot withdraw any more electrons.
Hence, the order is $^{+} N H_{3} > N O_{2} > C N^{-} > F^{-}$

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\frac{4 + \sqrt{5}}{4 - \sqrt{5}} + \frac{4 - \sqrt{5}}{4 + \sqrt{5}}

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\frac{1}{\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{2}} - \frac{2}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}} - \frac{3}{\sqrt{2} - \sqrt{5}}

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\frac{2 + \sqrt{3}}{2 - \sqrt{3}} + \frac{2 - \sqrt{3}}{2 + \sqrt{3}} + \frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{\sqrt{3} + 1}

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Q. Arrange the following groups in order of decreasing -R (or -M) power.
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N O_{2}

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The decreasing order of priority for the given functional groups (for IUPAC nomenclature) is:

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Q. Simplify:
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(3^{2} - 2^{2}) \times {(\frac{2}{3})}^{- 3}

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Decreasing - I power of given groups is: 1)CN− 2)NO2 3)NH+3 4)F−

Decreasing - I power of given groups is:
1) $C N^{-}$
2) $N O_{2}$
3) $N H_{3}^{+}$
4) $F^{-}$