2
Question
Define or explain the concepts
1) Deliberate sampling
2) Published sources
3) Unpublished sources
4) Frequency array
5) Tally marks
1) Deliberate sampling
2) Published sources
3) Unpublished sources
4) Frequency array
5) Tally marks
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Solution
1. Deliberate sampling is a type of sampling in which the investigator picks out the samples based on his choice. This selection process depends on the judgement or personal choice of the investigator and therefore, involves the possibility of bias. Deliberate sampling is also known as purposive sampling as the samples are often based on the purpose of the investigator.
2. Published sources are the sources used for collection of secondary data. These sources are in the form of reports and newspapers which are provided by government publications, private publications and foreign publications. For instance, Reserve Bank of India Bulletin, Indian trade journals, reports on currency and finance and reports by private companies are all examples of published sources of data.
3. Unpublished sources of data are used for collecting secondary data. These sources include private records of scholars and research institutes. Sometimes, the data collected by the government or other organisations remain unpublished. However, such data can also be used as secondary source.
4. Frequency array refers to an orderly arrangement of numerical data in a specified manner. This ordering may be in ascending or descending order. The order or the sequence thus formed is known as array.
5. Tally marks are used to organize and present data in a uniform manner. Generally, tally marks are arranged in groups of five. For every observation, a vertical bar is drawn and after the fourth bar, all the four bars are struck across to represent the fifth observation. The main purpose of tally marks is to ease the counting process of frequencies.
2. Published sources are the sources used for collection of secondary data. These sources are in the form of reports and newspapers which are provided by government publications, private publications and foreign publications. For instance, Reserve Bank of India Bulletin, Indian trade journals, reports on currency and finance and reports by private companies are all examples of published sources of data.
3. Unpublished sources of data are used for collecting secondary data. These sources include private records of scholars and research institutes. Sometimes, the data collected by the government or other organisations remain unpublished. However, such data can also be used as secondary source.
4. Frequency array refers to an orderly arrangement of numerical data in a specified manner. This ordering may be in ascending or descending order. The order or the sequence thus formed is known as array.
5. Tally marks are used to organize and present data in a uniform manner. Generally, tally marks are arranged in groups of five. For every observation, a vertical bar is drawn and after the fourth bar, all the four bars are struck across to represent the fifth observation. The main purpose of tally marks is to ease the counting process of frequencies.
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