Question

Define the following terms: [5 MARKS]
(a) Natural immunity
(b) Acquired immunity
(c) Active immunity
(d) Passive immunity
(e) Sulphonamides

Answer 1

Each Part: 1 Mark

(a) Natural immunity: The immunity which is inheritable and is present from the birth of an individual is called natural or inborn immunity.

(b) Acquired immunity: It is the non-inheritable ability of the body to develop resistance against infections. It is obtained during the life span of an individual through infection, serum or vaccination. It is of two types namely Active immunity and Passive immunity.

(c) Active immunity: It develops due to direct infection or vaccination against a disease.

(d) Passive immunity: It is obtained by injecting antiserum in the body of an individual. The antiserum is prepared by immunizing other person or animal, i.e. horse, sheep, cow, etc.

(e) Sulphonamides: It is a group of chemical-related antibacterial compounds which prevent the growth and multiplication of bacteria.