Question

Describe the structure and functioning of neurons.

Answer 1

Dear Student,

Neurons are the longest cell of the human body. Neural system of the human body consists of 100 billion neurons. A neuron is a microscopic structure and consists of various parts:

Cell Body:
It consists of a cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell membrane. Like a typical cell cytoplasm of neuron consists of mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes and Nissel's granules.
Dendrites are shorter and branched process that project out of the cell body. The main function of the dendrites is to conduct nerve impulses towards the cell body.
Axons are a single usually long process, axon does not contain Nissel's granules, cells organelles, and granular bodies. The ends of the axon consist of branches, the terminal arborizations.

Functions of neurons
Neurons receive information in the form of signals.
Neurons integrate incoming signals.
Communicate signals to the other neurons, muscles or glands.

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