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Stereoisomerism

Describe with...

Question

Describe with diagram the quick vinegar process for preparation of $C H_{3} C O O H$ and write its reaction with $C_{2} H_{5} O H$ .

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Solution

Vinegar is dilute solution (7-8%) of acetic acid.
Dilute (15%) ethyl alcohol or sugar solution is fermented by Mucoderma aceti (Acetobacter aceti) in presence of air.
$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - O H + O_{2} A c e t o b a c t e r a c e t i - --------- \to 30 - 35^{o} C C H_{3} - C O O H Vinegar (i) L i m e - ----- \to (i i) H_{2} S O_{4} C H_{3} - C O O H acetic acid$
Vinegar is neutralised with lime to form calcium acetate. On distillation with conc $H_{2} S O_{4}$ , calcium acetate gives pure acetic acid.
Esterification:
$C H_{3} - C O O H + C H_{3} - C H_{2} - O H c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} - ------ \to C H_{3} - C O O C H_{2} - C H_{3}$

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