Question

Differentiate between:

(a) Vasectomy and tubectomy (parts operated).

(b) Fertility rate and mortality rate.

Answer 1

(a) Vasectomy

Vasectomy is a surgical method that involves cutting and tying the vas deferens, the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra.

Tubectomy

Tubectomy is a surgical removal of small segments of both oviducts or fallopian tubes and tying the cut ends with threads to prevent the passage of eggs and their fertilisation by sperm.

Vasectomy	Tubectomy
An effective surgical contraceptive method called vasectomy is adopted by males.	An effective contraceptive method is called tubectomy adopted by females.
Vasectomy involves cutting and tying of vas deferens.	Tubectomy is the cutting of fallopian tubes in females. It is tied at the end of the oviduct, to prevent the passage of eggs and fertilisation by sperms.
Vas deferens are responsible for carrying the sperm from testicles to the urethra.	Fallopian tubes are responsible for transporting the ova from the ovary to the uterus each month.
It causes sterility in males.	It causes sterility in females.

(b) Fertility rate

The annual number of births per thousand women in a given age group is called the fertility rate.

Mortality rate

The mortality rate mans the death rate or the death of the people per thousand in a year.

Fertility rate	Mortality rate
The annual number of births per thousand women in a given age group is called the fertility rate.	The mortality rate means the death rate or the death of the people per thousand in a year.
If the fertility rate increases, the net result of the growth in the population living in that area will be high.	The increase in the mortality rate decreases the number of people living in that area.
The reason for the high fertility rate can be attributed to various negative, non-progressive, socio-economic factors, while the low fertility rate is attributed to positive and progressive socio-economic factors.	The high mortality rate of females and infants itself signifies the poor health standard of a country. However, the general causes of increasing mortality rate can be war, natural disasters such as famines and floods, epidemics, earthquakes, etc.