Question

Differentiate between
(i) Red algae and Brown algae
(ii) Liverworts and Mosses
(iii) Homosporous and Heterosporous Pteridophytes
(iv) Syngamy and Triple fusion

Answer 1

Red algae	Brown algae
They belong to class Rhodophyceae.	They belong to class Phaeophyceae.
They contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and d, and phycoerythrin.	They contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls a and c, and fucoxanthin.
Their cell walls are composed of cellulose, pectin, and phycocolloids.	Their cell walls are composed of cellulose and algin.

Liverworts	Mosses
Gametophytic plant body may be thallose or foliose.	Gametophytic plant body is differentiated into prostrate, protonema and gametophore.
Stomata and chlorophyll are absent.	Stomata and chlorophyll are present for exchange of gases.
Dehiscence of capsule is irregular.	Dehiscence of capsule is regular.
Example: Riccia.	Example: Funaria.

Homosporous pteridophytes	Heterosporous pteridophytes
In this, plants produce only one type of spores.	In this, plants produce two types of spores, that is microspores and megaspores.
It produces bisexual gametophyte.	It produces unisexual gametophyte.

Syngamy	Triple fusion
Fusion of one male gamete with egg cell to form diploid zygote is called as syngamy.	The fusion of male gamete with diploid secondary nucleus to produce triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) is known as triple fusion.
It is generative fertilization.	It is vegetative fertilization.