Differentiate between the following pairs of terms:
(f) Prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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Solution

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

1
Lack a well-defined
nucleus and its DNA is
in direct contact with
cytoplasm and is called nucleoid.

Well-defined nucleus
with nuclear membrane.

2
Cell organelles are not
membrane bound.

Cell organelles are
mostly membrane bound.

3
Possess a single length
of only DNA.

Several lengths of
chromosomes containing
DNA wound over proteins.

4
Have only small ribosomes and
no other cell organelles.

Contain several cell
organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts,
etc.

5 E..g.: Bacteria, cyanobacteria E.g.: Animal cell, Amoeba, plant cell, etc.

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	Prokaryotes	Eukaryotes
1	Lack a well-defined nucleus and its DNA is in direct contact with cytoplasm and is called nucleoid.	Well-defined nucleus with nuclear membrane.
2	Cell organelles are not membrane bound.	Cell organelles are mostly membrane bound.
3	Possess a single length of only DNA.	Several lengths of chromosomes containing DNA wound over proteins.
4	Have only small ribosomes and no other cell organelles.	Contain several cell organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, etc.
5	E..g.: Bacteria, cyanobacteria	E.g.: Animal cell, Amoeba, plant cell, etc.