Question

Differentiate between the following pairs on basis of what is mentioned in the bracket. Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus (reason/cause).

Answer 1

Diabetes:

1. Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases that result in increased sugar level in the blood far more than normal caused by the inability of the body to produce insulin or body inability to process glucose.
2. Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of the metabolism of salt and water in the body due to hyposecretion of a hormone known as vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone leading to increased volume of urination(up to 20 times than normal) and intense increase in thirst.

Diabetes mellitus	Diabetes incipidus
It is caused by the body's inability to produce hormone insulin or inability to process glucose.	It is caused by hyposecretion of the hormone vasopressin by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
Autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreas	Injury to the pituitary or blockage of hypophyseal-portal vein.