Dear student,
The difference between the cell envelope and cell membrane is as follows:
1)Cell envelope can involve any outermost covering of the cell like cell wall as in case of plants or cell membrane as in case of animals cell whereas the cell membrane is the second layer inner to the cell wall in case of plant cell and bacterial cell.
2)Cell envelope can also be made up of only proteins as in case of viruses whereas cell membrane is made up of phospholipids and proteins.
3)Cell envelope may be dead in nature as in case of cell wall whereas the cell membrane will always be living in nature.
4)Cell envelope can be permeable to all the substances passing through it whereas the cell membrane is selectively permeable to the substances passing through it.
Regards