Question

Distinguish between

1) Primary data and secondary data

2) Exclusive method and inclusive method

3) Census methods and sample method

4) Random sampling and deliberate sampling

Answer 1

1.

Basis of Difference	Primary data	Secondary data
Meaning	Primary data is the one that is collected by the investigator himself.	Secondary data is the one that had been collected in the past and then used by the investigator to suit his specific purpose.
Originality	Original in nature, as it is collected by the investigator himself	Lacks originality, as the investigator collects data through other agencies or sources
Cost and time consideration	Expensive and time-consuming	Relatively cheaper and time-saving
Reliability	Highly reliable	Relatively less reliable

2.

Basis of Difference	Inclusive method	Exclusive method
Meaning	Both lower class limit and upper class limit are included in the class	Lower class limit is included in the class but upper class limit is excluded (and included in the next class)
Example	For example: 10- 15, 16-20.....	For example: 10-20, 20-30......

3.

Basis of Difference	Census method	Sample method
Field of study	The whole population is considered and included in the field of study	Only a part of the population is considered and included in the field of study
Cost and time	Costly in terms of time as well as money	Both time and money-saving.
Number of investigators	Requires a larger number of investigators as the field of study is large	Requires comparatively lesser investigators as the field of study is small
Accuracy	Highly accurate	Comparatively less accurate

4.

Basis of Difference	Random sampling	Deliberate sampling
Radom v/s for purpose	Samples or items are chosen at random	Samples or items are collected according to the purpose of the investigator
Chance v/s choice	It is sampling by chance	It is sampling by choice
Another name	Also known as probability sampling	Also known as purposive sampling