Question

Draw a well-labelled diagram of a neuron showing the following parts- perikaryon, dendrites, node of Ranvier, and the myelin sheath.

Answer 1

NEURON

A neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system. Its function is to transmit messages in the form of impulses. It has 3 main parts-

1- Cell body /Perikaryon- it is the broad part and contains cytoplasm, nucleus, and several organelles.

2. Dendrites- are the branched protoplasmic extension that arises from the cell body. They receive the signal or impulse and transmit it to the cell body.

3. Axon- It is a long central tube that carries impulses away from the cell body.

1. Myelin sheath- is the insulating layer formed around the axon.
2. The Node of Ranvier- gaps where the myelin sheath is absent on the axon.

Diagram of a neuron