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Standard XII
Biology
Function of the Bowman's Capsule
Effective fil...
Question

Effective filtration in glomerulus is caused due to?

A
Powerful pumping action of the heart
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B
Secretion of adrenaline
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C
Afferent arteriole is slightly wider than efferent arteriole
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D
Vacuum develops in proximal convoluted tubule and sucks the blood
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Solution

The correct option is C Afferent arteriole is slightly wider than efferent arteriole

The diameter of afferent arteriole is larger than the efferent arteriole. This increases the volume of blood in glomerulus and increases the filtration rate. This causes the effective filtration pressure which is the total pressure that promotes filtration.

Hence, the correct answer is (C)

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Q. The following diagram represents a mammalian kidney tubule (nephron) and its blood supply.
Parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 8 are as follows:
1. Afferent arteriole from renal artery;
2. Efferent arteriole
3. Bowman's capsule,
4. Glomerulus;
5. Proximal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries;
6. Distal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries;
7. Collecting tubule;
8. U-shaped loop of Henle.
Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:
When is most water reabsorbed?

843907_97364fb6573a43f28a089271ce0b907d.png
Q. Pick the odd ones in each of the following groups and select the correct option.
(i) Renal pelvis, Medullary pyramid, Renal cortex, Renal papilla
(ii) Afferent arteriole, Henle's loop, Vasa recta, Efferent arteriole
(iii) Glomerular filtration, Antidiuretic hormone, Hypertonic urine, Collecting duct
(iv) Proximal convoluted tubule, Distal convoluted tubule, Henle's loop, Renal corpuscle
Q. Match the following.
List 1 List 2
A. Loop of Henle 1. Carries blood the kidney
B. Rental artery 2. Area where a considerable amount of reabsorption takes place
C. Proximal convoluted tubule 3. Main area of secretion
D. Glomerulus 4. Filtration of blood
E. Distal convoluted tubule 5. Plays a role in concentration of urine
Q.

The following diagram represents a mammalian kidney tubule (nephron) and its blood supply.

Parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 8 are as follows :

1. Afferent arteriole from the renal artery;

2. Efferent arteriole

3. Bowman's capsule,

4. Glomerulus ;

5. Proximal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries;

6. Distal convoluted tubule with blood capillaries;

7. Collecting tubule;

8. U-shaped loop of Henle.

Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow;

(a) Where does ultrafiltration take place?

(b) Which structure contains the lowest concentration of urea?

(c) Which structure contains the highest concentration of urea?

(d) Which structure (normally) contains the lowest concentration of glucose?

(e) Where is most water reabsorbed?

Q. Arrange the following in logical sequence.
Renal vein, Renal artery, Afferent arteriole, Efferent arteriole, Glomerulus (pathway of blood through glomerulus).
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