Question

Expand the following terms.

(i) PCT (ii) GFR

Answer 1

Urine formation:

1. Nephrons play an eminent role in the formation of urine or uropoiesis.
2. It is formed by three stages namely - ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
3. The nephron has two parts namely:

1. Malpighian body - Bowman's d capsule and glomerulus
2. Renal tubules - proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and Henle's loop.

(i) PCT:

1. PCT stands for Proximal Convoluted Tubule.
2. The maximum reabsorption of water takes place in the PCT.
3. It is a highly coiled tubule surrounded by peritubular blood capillaries.

(ii) GFR:

1. GFR stands for Glomerular Filtration Rate.
2. The first step of urine formation is known as glomerular filtration or ultrafiltration.
3. The amount of filtrate formed by the kidneys per minute is known as the glomerular filtration rate.