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Evolutionary Relationships

Explain analo...

Question

Explain analogous organs and homologous organs. Identify the analogous and homologous organs amongst the following:
Wings of an insect, wings of a bat, forelimbs of frog, forelimbs of a human.

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Solution

Analogous organs: These are organs that have different origins, but perform similar functions.
Homologous organs: These are organs that are similar in origin (or are embryologically similar), but perform different functions.

The wings of an insect and wings of a bat are examples of analogous organs.

The forelimbs of frog and forelimbs of humans are examples of homologous organs.

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Q. Distinguish between analogous organs and homologous organs.

Identify the analogous and homologous organs amongst the following:

Wings of an insect, wings of a bat, forelimbs of frog, forelimbs of human.

Q. Out of the wing of a bird, wing of an insect and the wing of a bat :
(a) which two are homologous organs?
(b) which two are analogous organs?

Q. Study the different conclusions (I -IV) drawn by students of a class on the basis of observations on preserved/available specimens of plants and animals.
Identify the correct statements related to analogous organs.
I. Potatoes and sweet potatoes are analogous organs in plants.
II. Forelimbs of cats and lizards are analogous organs in animals.
III. Wings of insects and wings of bats are analogous organs in animals.
IV. Thorns of Citrus and tendrils of Cucurbita are analogous organs in plants.

Q. Assertion 1: Wings of a bat and a bird are analogous organs.

Assertion 2: Forelimbs of a bat and a bird are homologous organs.

Reason : Wings of a bat and a bird do not share a common origin.

Q. Study the different conclusions drawn by students of a class on the basis of observations of preserved/available specimens of plants and animals.
I. Potato and sweet potato are analogous organs in plants.
II. Wings of insects and wings of birds are homologous organs in animals.
III. Wings of insects and wings of bats are analogous organs in animals.
IV. Thorns of citrus and tendrils of Cucurbita are analogous organs in plants.
The correct conclusions are

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