Question

Explain, giving three reasons, why tropics show greatest levels of species diversity.

Answer 1

There are three different reasons which explain why there is species richness in the tropics.

1. Tropical latitudes receive more solar energy than temperate regions, which leads to high productivity and high species diversity.
   
2. Tropical regions have less seasonal variations and have a more or less constant environment. This promotes the niche specialization and thus, high species richness.
   
3. Temperate regions were subjected to glaciations during the ice age, while tropical regions remained undisturbed which led to an increase in the species diversity in this region.