Explain Hoffmann elimination.
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Solution

Tertiary amines are oxidized by hydrogen peroxide and peracids into amine oxides.

When an amine oxide of ter amines containing at least one $β -$ hydrogen is heated at about $150^{\circ}$ , it decomposes to form an alkene and a derivative of hydroxylamine. This elimination is an example of thermal elimination known as cope elimination or cope reaction.

In this elimination product formation always takes place by the Hoffmann rule.

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A

B

C H_{3} - C H_{2} - B r + A g C N Δ ⟶ A \frac{N a}{C_{2} H_{5} O H} ⟶ B

C H_{3} - C H_{2} - B r + A g C N Δ \to A \frac{N a}{C_{2} H_{5} O H} \to B

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